Bad Medicine has written a nice response to my recent post -More on retainers. While he generally agrees with my position, he does include this concern:
Enter a standard primary care practice (replacing an established doctor who is retiring) where he will manage a cohort of 1500 insured patients; time constraints limit his ability to provide ideal care to all patients, but his care is average (not much better or worse than what those patients would have had if he had not come to the clinic)
b) Start a retainer clinic, where he can provide excellent care to 500 patients who would have otherwise received the average care offered by a standard, insurance backed primary care clinic.
c) Join a district health clinic that has struggled for budget and staffing, where he can provide at best low quality care for 1750 patients, but by adding an extra physician to the workforce, can provide some health care for 250 patients who would have had none, otherwise.
I believe that he has constructed a straw man argument. Like most who criticize retainer physicians on this issue, he looks only looks at physicians practicing outpatient medicine as a source for these clinics.
Why do we not have enough outpatient physicians? We can develop an exhaustive list, but I will offer this short list. First, the AAMC developed projections that we were training too many physicians. They have revised these projections, but we have not trained enough medical students for the past 20 years. Second, more physicians choose part time careers. Should we criticize someone who works half time? Third, the implementation of RBRVS through the RUC has drawn students and residents to high reimbursement high lifestyle choices. The current implementation of RBRVS makes primary care a lower reimbursement lower lifestyle choice.
Perhaps some retainer physicians would handle a larger panel size if retainer medicine was not an option. Perhaps some would leave outpatient care entirely.
Fourth, many physicians choose administrative jobs, e.g. working for insurance companies or pharmaceutical firms. Fifth, many internists have left outpatient medicine to become hospitalists.
We have many candidates to blame for the primary care shortage. Please do not focus on retainer medicine solely. This model only exists because the other model does not work for most physicians.
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{ 4 comments… read them below or add one }
db: One thing that is left out of your argument is patient demand for these clinics. I don’t mean demand as in “I want it”– I am sure eveyone would like the idea of having a doctor spend more time on them, but rather economic demand as in “I’d be willing to pay x amount of dollars for that time”. I understand there are a few retainer practices out there, but their mere presence doesn’t prove the demand for retainer medicine is enough to think that it could increase supply of physicians. I am not against retainer medicine, just the idea that it will improve health care significantly (by either by improving the lifestyle of physicians and increasing supply, reducing consultations and costs, or improving quality) because retainer practices will be on the margins of health care. Now you can argue that your only perspective is the patient, and from that point of view retainer medicine is probably superior, but to argue that this is a solution to the primary care shortage now takes you away from the patient perspective to a social/public health perspective. My beef with your critique of your critics is that you have a tendency to argue that your primary perspective is to patients and that everthing else is an externality which you claim you don’t care about.
As a professional, doctors have a fiduciary duty to their current patients to provide good care. Once a doctor-patient relationship is established, there are all sorts of legal issues that arise (this is why ‘Good Samaritan’ laws generally make it clear that a doctor helping someone by the side of the road has not established a doctor-patient relationship). There is no such duty to prospective patients, even though a socially responsible physician may desire to ‘help society’. Arguably, a doctor that takes on a new patient knowing that it will reduce the quality of care to existing patients could be sued by those existing patients. To take a specific example, if the doctor at the district health clinic with 1,750 patients cuts short a visit with an established patient because a new patient is waiting, it would be easy to make a case that he/she has failed the duty to the established patient. In my opinion, that doctor has a duty to refuse to see new patients unless all his/her established patients are receiving the best quality care he/she can provide in that environment (note this does not mean the doctor has to provide MRIs, etc. outside of his/her control, but time spent talking, examining, etc. certainly). The fiduciary duty of a doctor-patient relationship is between the doctor and each individual patient, not between the doctor and society.
DB,
I have been following your posts on retainer medicine with great interest, and congratulate you for taking this on, and for your articulate explanations of why this “new” practice style is NOT an abomination. I have posted a commentary on this exchange on the Covert Rationing Blog that I hope you will look at – it is too extensive to post here. My goal is to show why retainer medicine ultimately offer a pathway toward restoring – rather than threatening – public health.
DrRich
Http://covertrationingblog.com
Dr. Rich-
I’ve read your comments on your website and agree with your positions. I don’t think retainer medicine is unethical and understand the benefits. But I’ve been critical of db’s arguements because of his failure to formulate a public health/social/political reason for retainer medicine. He insisted that he did not have to because his perspective of patient centered medicine. The problem is that the patient, in this country, is not the primary, up front payer of medical care, and the government is the largest single payer through Medicare. While I theoretically agree with SteveSC that the physician’s primary duty is to the patient (and not society), it is not really the case when the patient almost never pays for his or her health care directly (the third payer has a say, and the patient is too removed from paying out the services). In essence, healthcare reform will become a political battle and retainer medicine will not be of any significance if primary care physicans continue to ignore this aspect– this has been the story of how internal medicine docs got left out. It is highly unlikely that spontaneous market forces (i.e. the spontaneous demand for retainer medicine and a supply of physicians to provide that supply) will lead to reform when the fundamental players in a health care market (doc and patients) are several steps removed from payment. There’s no reason why a patient cannot pay a doctor out of pocket, but retainer medicine still involvs insurances and governments. A larger justification for retainer medicine is needed, and Dr. Rich at least begins to formulate that. An engagement with political forces is important.
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