Contemplating medicine and the health care system
The ‘Poisonous Cocktail’ of Multiple Drugs
This wonderful article marries the two concepts which I have championed recently – the problem of guidelines and side effects.
This is what doctors call polypharmacy, otherwise known as a “poisonous cocktail†of many drugs that can interact in dangerous ways and cause side effects that can be far worse than the diseases they are treating. Elderly people are especially vulnerable because they often have several medical problems for which they see different doctors, each prescribing drugs, often without knowing what else the patient is taking.
The woman described above passed out because she had a bleeding stomach ulcer from a combination of drugs that irritate the stomach, Celebrex, ibuprofen and aspirin, and thin the blood, coumadin and aspirin, made worse by an antibiotic that raises blood levels of coumadin.
She recovered after a transfusion of two units of packed red blood cells and was sent home with strict instructions to stop the Celebrex, ibuprofen and aspirin and advice to “contact her internist and psychiatrist regarding possible medication changes that might decrease the risk for future adverse events,†Dr. Michael Stern reported in the June issue of Emergency Medicine.
Too often I see patients who have more then 10 unique prescriptions. Many of these patients are given the prescriptions to meet guidelines.
As Jane Brody reminds us, the more meds, the more likely interactions. Our current guideline process which focuses on treating disease rather than treating patients with multiple diseases probably contributes to this problem.
Many readers now know where I am going. As one considers the current anarchy of guideline production, we create a new problem. Side effects are therefore a side effect of our guideline system.
The patient has hypertension, depression, coronary artery disease, CHF, osteoarthritis and CKD. Each subspecialty has written a guideline for their disease. But as a generalist, I should focus on the patient and weigh the diseases and the many meds.
We do not teach this often. We rarely verbalize this problem. Yet it remains a major problem in current health care. And it is a side effect of too many subspecialists and not enough generalists.
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5 Responses to Side Effects from too many medications
Steve Lucas
September 20th, 2007 at 6:55 am
It does not have to be so dramatic. I mall walk for an hour five days a week with a 58-year-old black man. His only medication is a minimal dose of blood pressure medication. He leads a very health lifestyle and is very careful with his diet. No other health problems.
His doctor is fixated with him taking a statin. The last couple of years have become very difficult as the doctor has him on three-month office visits where the same exchange happens:
Doctor: Are you ready to take a statin?
Friend: No.
Doctor: Come back in three months and we will discuss this again.
Doctor leaves the exam room without saying another word. The last visit ended with the doctor proclaiming he would prove my friend needed a statin. The results were normal, per the doctor’s written letter, with a LDL of 122 and a HDL of 55. He will return in three months for a complete physical and this whole routine will start all over again.
The fixation of black male plus BP med equals statin overrides test results or patient’s desire. The result of this is my friend is loosing confidence in his doctor and is questioning the financial aspect of this relationship.
Guidelines create a great many unintended consequences.
Steve Lucas
JaneMarieMD
September 23rd, 2007 at 9:17 am
This is an interesting anecdote. One wonders why the man keeps going to this doctor? I have quite a few patients who don’t want to take statins. In fact, when I review their 10-year risk of heart disease (Framingham risk calculator), many don’t have very high risk, and are pleased to hear this. I have others I would like to take statins (usually, documented stroke/TIA, diabetes, etc), but they dig their heels in on this. So, we agree if they are willing to have a bit higher risk of heart disease without a statin, that’s their choice.
Sounds like this man has a very good cholesterol profile; he doesn’t need another check for at least a few years, does he? I think we are doing way too many lipid profiles in this country.
Steve Lucas
September 23rd, 2007 at 10:21 am
JaneMarieMD
Thank you for your comment. The statin becomes secondary to several other issues.
Patient desire. My friend wishes to minimize the number of medications he takes due to a history of bad reactions.
Communications. At no time has the doctor discussed risk factors. The doctor’s only statement is he wants my friend to take this medication.
Economics. There is a cost in my friend making these repeated trips. Travel time to and from the doctor’s office along with wait time add up. My friend is also questioning the profit motive in having him repeatedly return for a two-minute conversation.
Extension, for lack of a better word. Is it the doctor’s intent that my friend accepts future prescriptions without question? This directly applies to DB’s comments concerning multiple prescriptions being given to one patient. Another friend is a pharmacist and he rants about this issue all the time. He sees people with eight or ten very potent drugs and calls the doctor’s office only to be told by the nurse: “This is the doctor’s orders.â€
The unintended consequences are my friend has lost confidence in his doctor. He now feels compelled to question every decision and this will only make it more difficult for him to deal honestly with the doctor in the future. He is also aware that this doctor’s statin of choice contains an intestinal fat blocker, which has the nasty side effect of sending one to the toilet soon after eating.
My friend does not change doctors due to the medical culture in our community. He does not feel he will receive any better service from another doctor. A doctor friend was quite upset one evening when describing how new doctors in the community were causing major changes in their practice. The new doctors treated their patients with courtesy.
Steve Lucas
mb
May 8th, 2008 at 10:49 pm
Good Morning!
Please help… my 78 year old grandmother is on, well i think, 19 different medications. Is that crazy or what?!?!?!? Anyhow, can you make a recommendation on how many medications are tooooo many. Thank you in advance for your time!
Have a great day!
jan larrick
May 28th, 2008 at 3:33 pm
I have a friend that has M.S. he has had it for 23 years. He is on over 17 different medications. He has developed a bowel seapage, which is chronic. Could this be because of the drugs, or is this common with multiple sclerosis.