Wernicke’s and bariatric surgery

by rcentor on March 13, 2007

This article caught my eye as an interesting fact to remember (internists like to collect facts which they may need one day). Then I noticed that the first author was a friend with whom I have previously written an article!

Wernicke encephalopathy is a serious disorder caused by thiamine (vitamin B-1) deficiency. Dr Carl Wernicke, a Polish neurologist, described it in 1881 as a triad of acute mental confusion, ataxia, and ophthalmoplegia. Korsakoff amnestic syndrome is a late neuropsychiatric manifestation of Wernicke encephalopathy with memory loss and confabulation; hence, the condition is referred to as Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome or psychosis. It is most often seen in alcoholics, but it can be seen in disorders associated with malnutrition and also in patients on long-term hemodialysis or with AIDS. The disease is frequently unrecognized and is likely more prevalent than commonly supposed.

Wernicke Encephalopathy

The current article describes the incidence of Wernicke’s after bariatric surgery. emory loss fear over obesity ops

The researchers identified 32 cases of Wernicke encephalopathy after obesity surgery, 27 involving women.

The report says it is not clear if the condition is more common in women, or if there were more cases in women because 75% of obesity surgery patients are female.

Dr Colin Waine, of the National Obesity Forum, urged against avoidance of weight loss surgery, for those most in need.

“Clearly we need to note this report and we must be aware of it but I don’t think it should lead to a knee-jerk rejection,” he said.

“The results of weight loss surgery can be very good.

“Some people are so at risk that they are going to die from other causes without surgery.

“The risk of encephalopathy is probably much less than the risk they are facing from obesity.”

Study author Sonal Singh, of Wake Forest University School of Medicine in North Carolina, urged those who had undergone weight loss surgery to take their prescribed vitamin supplements and be alert for symptoms such as vomiting, confusion, visual changes and lack of co-ordination.

“When people who have had weight loss surgery start experiencing any of these symptoms, they need to see a doctor right away,” he said.

“If treated promptly, the outlook is usually good.”

For treatment, patients are given vitamin B1 through an IV or injection.

Of the 32 people in the study, 13 made a full recovery, though others continued to have problems such as memory loss.

We generally consider Wernicke’s as a result of severe alcoholism. We must added weight loss surgery as a significant risk factor. This study is interesting and has great face validity. Because the treatment is so benign we do not need a randomized controlled trial. When in doubt give thiamine!

viagra
free viagra
buy viagra online
generic viagra
how does viagra work
cheap viagra
buy viagra
buy viagra online inurl
viagra 6 free samples
viagra online
viagra for women
viagra side effects
female viagra
natural viagra
online viagra
cheapest viagra prices
herbal viagra
alternative to viagra
buy generic viagra
purchase viagra online
free viagra without prescription
viagra attorneys
free viagra samples before buying
buy generic viagra cheap
viagra uk
generic viagra online
try viagra for free
generic viagra from india
fda approves viagra
free viagra sample
what is better viagra or levitra
discount generic viagra online
viagra cialis levitra
viagra dosage
viagra cheap
viagra on line
best price for viagra
free sample pack of viagra
viagra generic
viagra without prescription
discount viagra
gay viagra
mail order viagra
viagra inurl
generic viagra online paypal
generic viagra overnight
generic viagra online pharmacy
generic viagra uk
buy cheap viagra online uk
suppliers of viagra
how long does viagra last
viagra sex
generic viagra soft tabs
generic viagra 100mg
buy viagra onli
generic viagra online without prescription
viagra energy drink
cheapest uk supplier viagra
viagra cialis
generic viagra safe
viagra professional
viagra sales
viagra free trial pack
viagra lawyers
over the counter viagra
best price for generic viagra
viagra jokes
buying viagra
viagra samples
viagra sample
cialis
generic cialis
cheapest cialis
buy cialis online
buying generic cialis
cialis for order
what are the side effects of cialis
buy generic cialis
what is the generic name for cialis
cheap cialis
cialis online
buy cialis
cialis side effects
how long does cialis last
cialis forum
cialis lawyer ohio
cialis attorneys
cialis attorney columbus
cialis injury lawyer ohio
cialis injury attorney ohio
cialis injury lawyer columbus
prices cialis
cialis lawyers
viagra cialis levitra
cialis lawyer columbus
online generic cialis
daily cialis
cialis injury attorney columbus
cialis attorney ohio
cialis cost
cialis professional
cialis super active
how does cialis work
what does cialis look like
cialis drug
viagra cialis
cialis to buy new zealand
cialis without prescription
free cialis
cialis soft tabs
discount cialis
cialis generic
generic cialis from india
cheap cialis sale online
cialis daily
cialis reviews
cialis generico
how can i take cialis
cheap cialis si
cialis vs viagra
levitra
generic levitra
levitra attorneys
what is better viagra or levitra
viagra cialis levitra
levitra side effects
buy levitra
levitra online
levitra dangers
how does levitra work
levitra lawyers
what is the difference between levitra and viagra
levitra versus viagra
which works better viagra or levitra
buy levitra and overnight shipping
levitra vs viagra
canidan pharmacies levitra
how long does levitra last
viagra cialis levitra
levitra acheter
comprare levitra
levitra ohne rezept
levitra 20mg
levitra senza ricetta
cheapest generic levitra
levitra compra
cheap levitra
levitra overnight
levitra generika
levitra kaufen

{ 5 comments… read them below or add one }

Cassiah March 13, 2007 at 8:07 pm

I have had weight loss surgery about 5 years ago. Three years ago I was diagnosed with Wernicke’s encephalopathy after almost dying. Further symptoms are: EXTREME fatigue, falling/tripping, loss of grip in hands, eyesight diminishing,a rash noted on extremities. And of course loss of memory. But one of the worst symptoms is burning, feeling like you were dropped into a volcano and left there. The only reason my condition was recognized was that I was working with two bariatric surgeons at the time. For now my physical condition is stable. I take daily B1 (Thaimine) injections, weekly B12 injections, Lexapro for depression, Elavil mixed with Neurontin for nerve pain and handfulls of vitamins. If you are considering this surgery, make sure the dr. maintains an aftercare secion of his practice, the surgery takes 45 minutes to an hour, you have to live with the results 24/7.

Steve Lucas March 14, 2007 at 6:37 am

The March 13th WSJ has an interesting article concerning the selling of franchised weight loss centers by a doctor. Weight loss in the US is a $46B a year business. The target buyers of the franchise are PCP doctors. The business plan is to sell a recurring service to a smaller group of clients, including in an exclusive package of food and snacks, for $640 plus per month.

While I in no way wish to diminish the very real issues many people have with weight, I am taken aback by the very predatory nature of this business model. Doctors, who as a business goal, tie a persons self-esteem to their business do their patients a disservice. The selling of food products from a doctors office seems to demean the profession. Removing a PCP from general practice only increases the shortage of doctors.

Maybe I am naive and should realize medicine is a business, and maximizing profit is it’s only goal.

Steve Lucas

John Gregg, MD March 14, 2007 at 1:43 pm

Mr. Lucas – While I agree with you in regards to the social effect of removing PCP’s from the work force at a time of crisis, I would point out several issues:
1. The article mentioned notes that the weight loss activities would be in addition to the normal practice activities of the PCP, and
2. …”realize medicine is a business and maximizing profit is it’s only goal”…may seem to cruel and unusual, but it is a very real fact of life. The usual office practice, PCP or specialist, must garner enough income to pay the fixed costs of practice every month – insurance, rent(s), staff, local taxes, then cover the variable costs of consumable items used in the course of business and medical care in the facility. That will require from $7 – 17,ooo per month (“Your mileage may vary”) and includes the cost of providing after-ER care for indigent patients seen on hospital call, admitted or not.
3. IF the government – Medicare and Medicaid, and EMTALA- used other than economic tools to effectively ration care, then the office would have less need to respond as a rationale economic actor to externalities imposed by the feds and state.
In addition, the vigorous tightening of reimbursement levels in the private sector, in combination with the wearisome paperwork requirements for same, add fuel to the fire.
In summary – if we cannot respond as a labor force due to antitrust concerns, while all around us the compression of payors leads to private and governmental monopsony, many will leave, few will follow, and those left will have no choice but to seek arbitrage opportunities – Boutique offices, weight loss centers, employed status. etc.

Realize this, however – NONE of us in my class in medical school 1977-1981 ever knew we would be in this mess, never planned to be neck deep in this level of business activities and bureaucracy – and the next generation of physicians in these setting will be much better and more aggressive entrepeneurs than we ever dreamed of, and we’ll have to see how that works.

Steve Lucas March 15, 2007 at 4:42 am

Dr. Gregg,

All very good points. It is unfortunate that doctors are being forced into this type of decision. Unfortunately some doctors relish the business side of medicine and their practices have an overriding business feel. My experience has not been positive, as I have had a number of doctors try to “sell” me various services not covered by my insurance. This should not be surprising given the atmosphere of medicine today where nonprofit hospitals compete with for-profit hospitals using the same business models.

Patients pay more in premiums while receiving less attention from their doctors. Doctors receive less reimbursement, with greater paper work. Like you, I remember a time when the system was in better balance.

Steve Lucas

Dan February 5, 2009 at 11:38 am

Thoughts about Obesity

Obesity has been defined as when excess body fat accumulates in one to where their physical overgrowth makes the person unhealthy to varying degrees. Obesity is different than being overweight, as others determine obesity to be of a more serious concern.
As measured by one’s body mass index (BMI), one’s BMI of 25 to 30 kg/m is considered overweight. If their BMI is 30 to 35 kg/m, they are class I obese, 35 to 40 BMI would be class II obese, and any BMI above 40 is class III obesity.
Presently, with obesity affecting children progressively more, the issue of obesity has become a serious public health concern.
Approximately half of all children under the age of 12 are either obese are overweight. About twenty percent of children ages 2 to 5 years old are either obese are overweight. The consequences of these stats on our children are very concerning, considering the health issues they may or likely experience as they get older.
Worldwide, nearly one and a half billion people are either obese or overweight. In the United States, about one third of adults are either obese or overweight.
Women of low socioeconomic status are likely to be twice as obese compared with those who are not at this status. It is now predicted that, for the first time in about 150 years, our life expectancy is suppose to decline because primarily of this obesity problem.
Morbid obesity is defined as one who has a body mass index of 30 kg/m or greater, and this surgery, along with the three other types of surgery for morbid obesity, should be considered a last resort after all other methods to reduce the patient’s weight have chronically failed. Morbid obesity greatly affects the health of the patient in a very negative way. It has about 10 co-morbidities that can develop if the situation is not corrected. Some if not most of these co-morbidities are life-threatening.
One solution beneficial in many cases of morbid obesity if one’s obesity is not eventually controlled or corrected is what is known as gastric bypass surgery. This is a type of bariatric surgery that essentially reduces the volume of the human stomach in order to correct and treat morbid obesity by surgical re-construction of the stomach and small intestine.
Patients for such surgeries are those with a BMI of greater than 40, or a BMI greater than 35 if the patient has co-morbidities aside from obesity. This surgery should be considered for the severely obese when other treatment options have failed. The standard of care illustrating as to whether this surgery is reasonable and necessary should be clarified.
There are three surgical variations of gastric bypass surgery, and one is chosen by the surgeon based on their experience and success from the variation they will utilize. Generally, these surgeries are procedures related to gastric restrictive operations or mal-absorptive operations.
Over 200,000 gastric bypass surgeries are performed each year, and this surgery being performed continues to progress as a suitable option for the morbidly obese. There is evidence that this surgery is particularly beneficial for those obese patients that have non-insulin dependent Diabetes Mellitus as well.
It is believed that the results of this surgery to correct morbid obesity greatly limits or prevents such co-morbidities associated with those who are obese. Yet about two percent of those who undergo this surgery die as a result from about a half a dozen complications that could occur. However, the surgery reduces the overall mortality of the patient by 40 percent or so, yet this percentage is debatable due to conflicting clinical studies at times.
Age of the patient should be taken into consideration, as to whether or not the risks of this surgery outweigh any potential benefits for the patient who may have existing co-morbidities that have already caused physiological damage to the patient. Also what should be determined by the surgeon is the amount of safety, effectiveness, and rationale for a particular patient regarding those patients who are elderly, for example.
Many feel bariatric surgery such as this should be considered as a last resort when exercise and diet have failed for a great length of time.
If a person or a doctor is considering this type of surgery, there is a website dedicated to bariatric surgery, which is: http://www.asmbs.org,

Dan Abshear

Leave a Comment

Previous post:

Next post: