Since I currently only see inpatients, I am hopelessly naive concerning exenatide. Fortunately, one of my main information sources – the NY Times – had this article on exenatide yesterday – A Ray of Hope for Diabetics
The users call the drug Lizzie, the Big Brother or sometimes Gilly. On blogs they rave over its uncanny ability to melt away pounds, although some are wary of its side effects, which can include nausea and strange welts.
A lighter John L. Dodson of Felton, Calif., said he had lost almost 60 pounds since starting Byetta last year, and now weighs 178, his lowest weight since college.
The users are not fad dieters or methamphetamine addicts, but people with diabetes. And the subject of their rhapsodies is not a gray-market diet pill sold on late-night television but Byetta, a federally approved diabetes medicine, available only by prescription, whose popularity and sales have soared since its introduction last June.
For diabetics, the weight loss caused by Byetta comes as a welcome contrast to the weight gain that often accompanies insulin and other diabetes medicines; the extra pounds can eventually worsen the disease. Some patients say Byetta has reversed the course of a disease that can lead to severe complications like amputations, blindness and kidney failure and even death.
“I went from despair to life — no hope to lots of hope,” said the Rev. John L. Dodson, a 73-year-old pastor in Felton, Calif. Mr. Dodson, 5 feet 6 inches tall, says he has lost almost 60 pounds since starting Byetta last June and now weighs 178, his lowest weight since college.
The drug seems so effective for weight loss that some nondiabetics have begun using Byetta as a diet drug — causing concern among doctors who say such use has not been medically tested and could be dangerous.
But for diabetics, weight loss from Byetta could be a particularly important benefit. Among the 21 million Americans with diabetes, about 90 percent have Type 2, which usually occurs in adulthood and has been linked to obesity and inactivity.
Byetta is not a cure-all, doctors caution. Some patients cannot tolerate its side effects. And it has never been studied as a weight-loss agent in people with normal blood sugar. Amylin Pharmaceuticals and Eli Lilly, which jointly make and market Byetta, say they strongly discourage its use solely as a diet drug. Based on tests in rats, moreover, some scientists have raised the possibility that Byetta may increase the risk of thyroid cancer, although no evidence of that link has appeared in human clinical trials.
I understand now how the drug works. However, I do not yet understand how exenatide should fit into my armamentarium. I hope both physicians and patients will help educate me.
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23 Responses to Understanding exenatide
V
March 3rd, 2006 at 3:43 pm
Exenatide is suppposed to enhance glucose-dependent insulin secretion and suppress glucagon secretion and slow gastric emptying. Since it is associated with pancreatic response to hyperglycemia, it (by itself) is not supposed to result in hypoglycemia.
It has been reported to improve A1c’s and decrease body mass. As you know, all DM meds, except Metformin, are associated with weight GAIN, which adversely impacts insulin sensitivity. So any drug that improves glycemic control AND causes weight loss is likely to be embraced.
Obviously, this should not be used with folks with gastroparesis.
OK, that was my quote from my literature. I’ve not had much experience with it myself as of yet, tho one of my partners & our DM educator are playing with it. After Rezulin, I like to sit back for a bit & see how the dust settles. And my folks who are resistant to the “shots” of insulin are not likely to go for these shots either. Tho, the weight loss part may be a big seller in certain populations.
pj
March 4th, 2006 at 2:42 pm
This is an excerpt from “uptodate”…the article is extremely detailed and very well written and this quoted peice is only a small part of the article.
Glucose homeostasis is dependent on a complex interplay of multiple hormones: insulin and amylin, produced by pancreatic beta cells; glucagon, produced by pancreatic alpha cells; and gastrointestinal peptides including glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP) (show figure 1) [5]. Abnormal regulation of these substances may contribute to the clinical presentation of diabetes.
Amylin is deficient in type 1 diabetes and relatively deficient in insulin-requiring type 2 diabetes (show figure 2) [5]. GLP-1 deficiency is present in type 2 diabetes [6] (show figure 3A-3C) and possibly in type 1 diabetes [7]. Amylin and GLP-1 have received considerable attention with the FDA approval of two synthetic drugs, pramlintide and exenatide, with actions similar to amylin and GLP-1, respectively.
Pramlintide (an analog of amylin) and exenatide (synthetic exendin-4, a peptide with GLP-1 like actions) impact glucose control through several mechanisms, including slowed gastric emptying, regulation of postprandial glucagon, and reduction of food intake (show table 1). In addition, exenatide enhances glucose-dependent insulin secretion. These agents do not cause hypoglycemia, in the absence of therapies that otherwise cause hypoglycemia [8,9].
amy
March 6th, 2006 at 8:27 pm
I have a bad feeling about this one, I am going to wait at least one more year before I use it.
rwlee
March 7th, 2006 at 1:48 pm
Looking forward to hearing more about this in the near future. Say …, next week perhaps.
elizabeth
April 8th, 2006 at 9:22 pm
I have been using Byetta (exenatide) about one month now with no side effects that I have noticed. I have lost nearly 10 lbs which is an amazing weight loss since I have only gained weight while on Glipizide, and Avandia which I take for diabetes as well. I have not seen any adverse contraidications published, and your article mentions thyroid cancer in lab rats. How much exentide was given to the rats to cause the cancer?
marsha
April 10th, 2006 at 11:16 am
I have been using Byetta for about three weeks. I do not have side effects from it. I also don’t have a lot of hunger reduction, but I deal with that in other ways. I have lost about 6 pounds during that time. My blood glucose is lowering from a high that hit the 300+ range to 130-160 range. Certainly not where I want to be, but far closer. I start the 10 mcg in a few days (when the pen gets in) because my BG needs to go lower and I am asymptomatic. I also take about 1500 mg of metformin (may be adjusted or remain the same after I bump up to 10 mcg Byetta).
At this point in my life I a) need to lose weight and b) get my BG normal. My goal is a normal weight and normal BG. Byetta is one of the tools I am using to achieve this. Diet and exercise also play a part, of course.
I suspect if one flooded lab rats with sugar we’d also see side effects. In fact, sufficient water ingestion can kill any lab critter. Most times the rats used are overloaded to see what the side effects are and it is not realistic. One only has to look at the old cyclamate experiments where a human would have had to swill a bathtub full of diet soda to get the same effect to see how medical experimentation can be inaccurately skewed.
Additionally, there is the issue of payoff – I am willing to take the risk of future problems for a present benefit. If I don’t lose weight and control the BG I am absolutely assured of a long term problem – strokes, heart attacks, blindness, kidney failure, etc. Everything in life has some risk associated with it – crossing the street can be lethal. For many people the mild side effects of nausea and vomiting (which I don’t have) are little enough of a price to pay for BG that falls from 600 to 100.
Be Well!
victoria Jones
April 24th, 2006 at 5:19 am
If taking the Byett shots,do you continue to take the metaformin or other medications?
Is this an insulin for Type II diabetics? I am interested in the shot but reluctant to take an insulin injection instead of the pills.
Are there any long term side efects once you have reached the desired wight loss from the injections and have discontined the shot?
Please email answers and any info that will ease my mind.
Thank you
Tanya
July 24th, 2006 at 5:00 am
On Byetta for three months with an “easy” weight loss of 22 pounds. I have more energy, feel lighter and healthier than I have in 10 years or more. A bit of early morning nausea and sometime rapid fall of BS. All that I have tried to do in the past to get numbers in order and 50 pounds off have not netted huge results. Exercise 60-90 minutes each day, 2000 calories controlled per day….metformin and ACTOS but still 250 morning reads. BUT NOW with 30 minutes per day, no calorie counting, and reduced metformin, my A1C is 5!!!! (from 9) and I am almost half way to weight loss goal. DOCS, give this drug a chance. If you are comfortable prescribing other glucose control agents, let folks try byetta. It has changed my health and my attitude toward self-discipline. Now the exercise and healthy diet are worth it!!! I even want to see my doctor more.
Jim
September 26th, 2006 at 6:59 am
I saw positive the comments were, so I thought I had better express my severe problems with exenatide. I suspect my problems are caused by gastroparesis, which I think is a condition where your food is slow to pass into your intestines and thus into your blood sygar. My problem is that I feel bloated and have some mild nausea. At night, when I take the Humulog that matches my food intake and exenatide, my blood sugar goes very low, usually into the 40s. And, no matter how much glucose I ingest, it does nothing, because it it caught up in my stomach with the food I ate earlier. About 3 hours later, my blood sugar begins to rise slowly. This is helped by lying on my right side. Then, I have to stay up hours taking Humulog every 30 minutes to counter the glucose I took. This is not as much of a problem with the morning dose, as, I guess, there is not as much food in my stomach.
Basically, it is very difficult for me to judge when to take Humulog, as my digestion is so slowed. Also, it is too dangerous to get in a position where you have very low blood sugar and no way to adjust it upwards until 3 hours go by. I wish I had the positive effects voiced by the other commentors, but for me, the danger of taking it is worse than the possible benefits.
ann
October 9th, 2006 at 8:48 am
What about feeling really sleepy and tired after about 30 minutes post injection. I am on 5 mL at lunch and 5 at dinner.
Elmer Fittery
October 31st, 2006 at 6:52 pm
I have noticed feeling sleepy, but until I read the comment by ann, I never thought it had anything to do with Byetta.
With reguard to Jim’s comment about Humulog , I was under the impression that when you took byetta, you should not be taking insulin. At least that was what my doctor said to me.
My experience with Byetta is very limited. About weeks at 5mg two times a day. I think it makes my mouth taste nasty and cause me to have a lot of nose/throat congestion. Kid of slimy. Also, the other day, I took it and it made me tired and nauseated. When I eat a normal sized meal ( by forcing myself to eat everything on my plate because there are starving people all over the world – my mothers comment ) I really feel like I stuffed myself with a huge turkey meal at thanksgiving.
Hope things are better in 3 months when I switch over to 20mcg twice per day.
By the way, they are working on a version of Byetta that is supposed be one-shot-per-week and in the future one-shot-per-month.
Who knows when the FDA will approve it? !!!
Heard about OXYCYTE? research it on google.
Good luck to everybody.
Erin
December 13th, 2006 at 5:15 pm
Hi all! I have been reading everyone’s comments while searching for ANY information on the link between Byetta and strokes. My dad was prescribed Byetta a few months back. Well…he had a stroke this past Sunday morning, and all of the tests done at the hospital to give us a reason why came back inconclusive. Just wondering if anyone has heard any talk of Byetta therapy and stroke. The Byetta is the only thing he has done different-medicinally-in the past SEVERAL years. Unfortunately, we’re very leary of the drug now!
Any comments would be appreciated. Thank you!
Linda
December 30th, 2006 at 7:43 am
ive been on Byetta for over a year now and have not lost any weight at all.. in fact i think its made me eat more.. and i have muscle pain also .. does anyone know why this is happening or has anyone experienced this at all.. help..by Lindaakayacabaca4@aol.com thanks
Linda
December 30th, 2006 at 7:46 am
I also take Prandin three times a day and Lantus at nite.. could this be stopping me from loosing any weight with the Byetta? please can somone email me with an answer.. thanks again.. Linda..aka..yacabaca4@aol.com
Jada
January 2nd, 2007 at 5:05 am
My Hubby has been on Byetta for a year and a half and now is on medical leave due to severe abdominal pain, vomitting and nausea. Negative tests on gall bladder leads me to wonder if the slow gastric emptying is catching up with him. I don’t trust Byetta even tho’ he’s lost 55 lbs and doing great, Dr.’s can’t find out why he’s sick. Anyone else have a similar problem?
Rose
April 1st, 2007 at 7:59 am
I’ve been taking Byetta for a month. I’ve lost
six lbs. but readings are terrible in 200
and 300. I also take metphormine. Hope this
improves when I go to 10mcb.
Vivian
May 24th, 2007 at 2:59 pm
I have been taking Byetta since January and have lost 31lbs. I had some nausea and abdominal pain early on but nothing really terrible. This went away very quickly and I have not had any problems at all since. My A1C was 8.8 and at last count is 6.7. Fasting blood sugar is under 100 and after eating goes no higher than 115. I have a doctor’s appt. on the 6th of June and am expecting A1C to be in the 6’s. I was on Advandia as well until about a week ago when I took myself off because I suspect it gave me two episodes of rapid heartbeats, and the news said it is suspected of retinal edema and heart problems. I do not need a building to fall on my head before I stop a med I think may be causing problems. As far as the Byetta is concerned, I will stay on this medication as long as it continues to perform so well.
ME
May 29th, 2007 at 5:17 am
If you want to read about REAL people who have been taking Byetta for over 3 years
http://www.Diabetes.Blog.com
rose
January 24th, 2008 at 7:58 pm
all these wonder drugs..avandia and byetta have side effects..some severe. my husband takes pills, byetta twice a day and lantus at night. 6 years ago he was on avandia and the medication put him into heart failure…scary. he is doing fine but is on coreg for his heart now …he has been having episodes of nausea and some vomiting in am after first dose of byetta…he has been on byetta for 3 yrs and the morning nausea has never left. he has lost 40 lb but i worry about his quality of life sometimes.
Karen
January 27th, 2008 at 9:37 pm
I have been taking Byetta for almost 2 months. I have experieced weight loss and appetite loss. I take 20mg of prilosec every day in order to have relief from dyspepsia associated with the 1500mg of metformin I take daily and the 10mcg of Byetta. I still need 1/4 of a 2.5mg glyburide in the afternoon in order to get to the coveted (90-130) sugar in the AM. I am already a thin person. My type2 diabetes is genetic. My goal is not to take insulin for as long as possible,as that seems to be the ultimate end for all of us. I am looking to Canada for their research in Beta cell injections that will cure this disease. Currently only diabetics who are in danger of loosing their lives get beta cell injections, which can cause 1000X the risk of Lymphoma. Also they take anti rejection drugs for the rest of their lives. So now we are back to stem cell research and looking to other countries, where the management of diabetes is not such a profitable business. I hope the prilosec tip helps someone else.
Jason
February 22nd, 2008 at 3:44 pm
I just wanted to let everyone know that I did not have a good experience with Byetta, as it made me so sleepy during the day that I was literally sleeping with one eye open. When the medicine would disperse in my system it was like waking up at the office, like someone turned on a light switch. I took it for 5 weeks at 5 mcg and then went up to 10mcg. That’s when it became intolerable. I’ve been off of it now for several days and I feel fine. I went to my endo and told him that I couldn’t stay awake. He had never heard of this, but I see a few posts here where people are saying they have had this. I called Eli Lilly and they were happy to take my info, since they are studying customer reactions and report back to the FDA. They also said that there are a few reports out there. If you are sleepy an hour or so after eating, I urge you to call lilly. You can find thier phone number on http://www.byetta.com. I did lose 3 lbs, but I rode my excersize bike a little more too. I think there may be some test I think doctors should run before prescribing this, like glucagon levels, liver enzyme levels, etc.
Anne
January 7th, 2009 at 1:40 pm
I am taking Byetta and sticking to a weight watchers diet. I heard that if you need to lose weight, you should wait the 60 minutes post-injection prior to eating,instead of eating within the 60 minutes.
Does anyone know if this is true? Eat within 60 or wait the full 60 to eat? I need to lose about 100 lbs so any info would be appreciated.
Janna
February 4th, 2010 at 9:01 am
@ Anne: I've been taking Byetta for 2 months. I take 10mcg injections morning and night. This amount of the drug suppresses my appetite so much that I can eat anytime within the 60 minutes following the injection and still lose weight. My doctor told me 30-45 minutes is optimal, so I do try to stick to that. I've lost almost 20 pounds since starting the drug.
For exercise, I do fun things: play at the park with my kids, use the Wii, and record hip-hop dance workouts on FitTV.
My first week was rough, as I had nausea from the Byetta *and* diarrhea from the Metformin, but I was determined to stick it out, and now I'm glad I did. I think these are beneficial drugs. To maximize their effect, I completely restablished my relationship with food; I kept a journal, looked for eating patterns (emotional eating, etc.), learned to view food as fuel for my body (instead of as a friend or an enemy), and reworked my budget to allow for healthier food purchases. Also, I try to pretend fast food doesn't exist.
Best of luck to you on your weight loss!