Treating severe pain – the dilemma

by rcentor on January 13, 2006

I have blogged on this issue before. Unfortunately, the problem probably gets worse rather than better. Let’s Get Serious About Relieving Chronic Pain

Now the federal government, and especially the Drug Enforcement Administration, is working overtime to make it even harder for doctors to manage serious pain, including that of dying patients trying to exit this world gracefully.

In an article in the current New England Journal of Medicine titled “The Big Chill: Inserting the D.E.A. into End-of-Life Care,” two specialists in palliative care, Dr. Timothy E. Quill and Dr. Diane E. Meier, state that despite some physicians’ commitment to treat pain and despite the effectiveness of opioid drugs like OxyContin and morphine, “abundant evidence suggests that patients’ fears of undertreatment of distressing symptoms are justified.”

They continue, “Although a lack of proper training and overblown fears of addiction contribute to such undertreatment, physicians’ fears of regulatory oversight and disciplinary action remain a central stumbling block.”

In addition to a case before the United States Supreme Court, Gonzales v. Oregon, that threatens to undermine Oregon’s Death With Dignity Act, the D.E.A. has recently increased raids on doctors’ offices, confiscating files and arresting doctors on charges of overprescribing narcotics to patients who are addicts or drug dealers.

Most of these physicians are compassionate people trying to help suffering patients but are sometimes fooled by clever addicts, drug dealers or undercover agents who fake their pain.

Should the court rule against Oregon, the D.E.A. could turn to all physicians whose patients die while getting prescribed opioids or barbiturates, even if the drugs were administered only to relieve intractable pain, not to hasten death.

Yes, there are bad apples among members of the medical profession. There are some doctors who charge for medical exams that they never do and provide phony patients with prescriptions for narcotics to feed their habits or sell on the street.

But should all physicians be subject to intense scrutiny by the D.E.A. and risk arrest and prosecution, leaving legitimate patients to suffer intensely or scramble to find other doctors willing to risk taking them on?

We have no diagnostic test for pain. All we can do is observe the patient, and ask them to rate their pain. Herein lies our problem.

When patients have severe pain, we generally move towards narcotics. Narcotics do a good job of making severe pain tolerable.

Narcotics are abusable. Patients will try to convince us that they have severe pain just to get narcotic prescriptions – either for themselves or to sell.

Hence we have an unsolvable dilemma. If we allow our patient to suffer from excruciating pain (especially from a terminal illness), then we are uncaring, unethical and cruel. If we prescribe narcotics to someone who is duping us, we are accused of handing out narcotics willy nilly.

I agree with the authors of the NEJM paper, this is problem that needs a better solution than DEA raids. Attacking the physicians is not the right solution. Prosecute patients who lie to get prescriptions. I would agree with having strict penalties for those who sell prescription drugs for profit. I could support having state medical boards review physicians who seem to abuse their prescription privileges. Medical boards could cancel their licenses and their prescription privileges, if they find that these are the bad apple physicians.

We have an obligation to our patients to relieve suffering.

“It is not a case we are treating; it is a living, palpitating, alas, too often suffering fellow creature.” ~John Brown

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{ 5 comments… read them below or add one }

gmm January 13, 2006 at 5:15 pm

While I am from Canada, and we seem to have a fairly good mandate to use opioids for chronic pain in our province, it is not always so in other provinces. Chronic pain MUST be treated, with whatever works. Unfortunately, these drugs come with numerous side effects on top of their ability to be misused.

I am living through hell right now watching someone close to me titrate up and down over the last four years to manage pain and side effects. On top of that, we have had discussions with “people in charge” at the insurance company who insist that this person is addicted. I have argued that dependence and addiction are not even close, as the psychological manifestations of addiction are not evident in this person’s behaviour. They don’t want to pay, so he is labelled- until someone advocates. I have charted the prescriptions – 120mg per day down to forty down to 0—-all to settle at an average of 70 over the last two years due to how the injury presented, was treated, and then returned. Doing that became a lifesaver emotionally and psychologically, and even legally, as then I could point to a piece of paper that said what and how the doses were adjusted and for why.

The DEA in the States scares me, as these individuals, like insurance agents are always so on the lookout for the abusers that all who use the medication are painted with the same brush. There is no reason, only a fallacy that All People Who Take Drugs Are Abusers.

If Canada goes towards more privatization of health services I truly believe that these chickens will come home to roost in my back yard as the system and common sense break down. It is not hard to see that in a ME FIRST society that everyone suspects each other of being as selfish and devious as themselves- not a slam against Americans( I have relatives and friends, who are American…) but a real comment on how individualism perpetuates a certain suspicion. Trust me, there are downsides to a more socialist style of government, as our wait list problems attest to. Governments can be less responsive to problems than private companies to their clients needs. (Not so much these days, though, with managed care insurance co’s) And people take advantage of “liberal bleeding hearts” and people are just generally self serving. It is a philosophical political comment- NOT AN INDICTMENT!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

I don’t know- what is the solution. How does it happen that people actually CARE about the invisible, unmeasurable chimera that is pain. Can you make people give a sh@#$??? Maybe if somebody REALLY famous and cute got into major pain we could collectively start to care about them and it could spread that this does happen and people are at wit’s end, and NEED this stuff. Rush Limbaugh may have been in pain, but he certainly is not cute. And as far as I know he hasn’t done Oprah yet so that we can all feel sorry for him- he just kind of bypassed it.

Cynicism and sadness live at my house- I just hope I am never in the situation where the police kick mine or my doctors door open because of a freaking pill.

Moof January 14, 2006 at 4:22 pm

The government should never become involved between a physician and a patient … (nor, for that matter, should insurance companies, but that’s another post.)

I think that physicians probably have a pretty good sense, most of the time, of what their patients could be experiencing – at least in relation to whatever the medical problem is.

There are going to be extraordinary circumstances and cases, but in general, I think physicians are pretty good at reading people.

Involving a government agency … especially one like the DEA … to begin to hold physicians accountable to some legal hack for every pill or ampule they prescribe/administer is madness.

And once they become involved in something, that’s it – they’re in it for long haul.

Our medical system is already in a shambles – imagine adding this new wrinkle. And then … once they begin with that – what area of medicine will they invade next?

Have you heard that NYC has begun keeping track of the city’s diabetics? Perhaps there’s a trend we should watch …

.

tina January 15, 2006 at 7:41 pm

My grandmother died from lung cancer. When diagnosed she got three months to live. At this point she was already is a lot of discomfort so they started her on a course of morphine. About a month and half into things my mother went into get the next batch of morphine. It turns out the hospitol just didn’t have anymore. I am not sure why exactly-it was a public county facility though. The hospice nurses were really upset along with my garndmother who got to suffer for two days without any pain meds. The nurses came back with a liter of morphine.

When my grandmother died they dumped about half of it down the drain. Those were some stoned sewer rats.

LibraryGryffon January 16, 2006 at 12:16 pm

I’ve never understood why there are ANY concerns about addiction with terminal patients. I’d think being “hooked” on opiates would be considered to be the least of the patient’s problems.

j davis June 12, 2008 at 3:49 pm

I have watched friends suffer in great pain because of government interference with pain management. If you live in a civilized country like Canada your pain will most likely be addressed. I have seen friends subjected to psychobabble biofeedback programs that teach patients to ‘cope’ with their pain. Unfortunately in some parts of the country this is actually considered legitimate medical practice. I would love to see one of these asshat ‘psychologists’ deal with cancer pain with ‘biofeedback’. I wish every DEA agent could experience great pain for one day and then we’ll see how concerned they are about ‘diversion’. There are bad apples everywhere but innocent patients should not have to suffer because of the actions of a miniscule number of miscreants. The government does not belong in the practice of medicine. Which of these DEA thugs has a medical degree anyway??

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