The future of general internal medicine

19 Oct
2005

General internal medicine remains a grand calling. General internists (unfortunately the name is not very sexy) command the breadth of internal medicine and maintain reasonable depth in many areas. We are likely the best physicians to care for complex patients – i.e., patients with multiple medical and psychosocial conditions.

General internists receive extensive training in both inpatient and outpatient care of adults. We conduct the orchestra, occasionally inviting a soloist (consultant) to participate, but maintaining overall supervision of the patient’s care.

Unfortunately 2 forces in the 1980s led our field astray. The first was the primary care boom. The second was the adoption (by managed care) of that boom.

Dictionary.com defines:

primary care
n.

The medical care a patient receives upon first contact with the health care system, before referral elsewhere within the system.

I submit that general internists are trained to do more than this definition of primary care. In the 1980s during the “heyday” of primary care internal medicine, we understand that we provided comprehensive, continuous and complex care. Unfortunately, we now have discontinuity between our former definition and current understandings.

The denigration of the general internists perceived role has led to our current crisis. Two of my favorite bloggers have expressed their thoughts on this issue – Internal Medicine academics discuss why fewer student choose IM as career and A Little More Realism About Declining Interest in Primary Care.

I personally believe that most general internists want to focus on complex care. That care reflects our training. We can provide primary care functions, but also can provide higher level functions.

The problem may result more from the poorly designed Medicare reimbursement system than from managed care. Medicare reimbursement does not financially recognize the hard work of providing complex care. But then insurance has a long history of undervaluing cognitive functioning.

I remain optimistic about general internal medicine. Ask most physicians what type of physician they would want if they had complex care needs. I believe they would choose a general internist.

I submit that we must reinvent the public (and medical) perception of general internal medicine. We have much to provide. The key to success is to partner with insurers to appropriately reimburse us to take enough time to “get it right”.

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Related posts:

  1. Dazed and Confused – Levels of primary care?
  2. Family medicine vs internal medicine
  3. Do internists do primary care?
  4. The future of outpatient internal medicine
  5. Is internal medicine dying?

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6 Responses to The future of general internal medicine

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bruce

October 19th, 2005 at 8:28 am

How does one reinvent the public (and medical) perception of internal medicine? Both the specialists who benefit from our heavy lifting and the patients who get excellent care for less money than they should be charged are free riders. Quality general internists have encountered forced altruism, unless they decide to let quality slide in favor of seeing more patients and making less money. I myself have decided to go back to fellowship, as it is clear I cannot swim upstream for the next 40 years. In ten years when the country is experiencing another medical crisis because everyone is either an ophthalmologist or radiologist the only ones to blame are the politicians for their short-sightedness, and the public for the years of neglect the have given us.
b

Avatar

oskie94

October 20th, 2005 at 7:57 am

I think what is missing from this discussion is the social ecology of medical school and residency training. Medical students and residents are not stupid people. They are able to “thin slice” and analyze the situations on a daily basis and judge which physicians have the control, autonomy, and satisfaction in their practice. I know many of the resident in non-primary care specialties with a more controllable lifestyle almost pity the internal medicine residents. They are the proverbial “dumping ground” of the hospital, they have very little control over their service or environment, and appear to have to answer to everyone. Compounding this is the relatively low reimbursement for inversely complex and complicated work.

I think more attention should be paid to actually analyzing which kind of medical students from which backgrounds excel and enjoy internal medicine and recruiting them to the field. Are osteopathic graduates more generalist oriented? How about those with a social science or humanities background? How about older, non-traditional students? Finally, the field needs to do some heavy marketing. Attending physicians should emphasize the positive and work within their institutions to make the departments visible, indispensable, and able to influential in the organization.

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tina

October 20th, 2005 at 6:37 pm

Can you see a general internist instead of a general practitioner for a medical problem or do you have to have a referral?

Is an endocrinologist by default a general internist with extra training?

How does the pay for a general internist compare with a general practitioner and an endocrinologist? What about training?

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futuremd.blog-city.com

October 20th, 2005 at 6:43 pm

I agree. And yet, just today, a transitional intern was trying to get me to pick Radiology or Anesthesiology instead of Internal Medicine because of all of the hassles associated with IM: paper-work, poor quality of life, etc. Insurance companies pay for procedures, not thought (as you point out). You can’t blame people for going where the money and quality of life are. Still, I’m sticking with IM.

Avatar

matt

October 26th, 2005 at 12:10 am

tina

inurers lump the “primary care” field to inlude

1.family practice(3 yrs training required post med school

2.general internists(3 yrs traing required post med school

3.general practitioners ( 1 year training after med school

4.physician assistants and 5. nurse practitioners

Endocrinologists have 2 years taining beyond that of internists. There is a lack of endocrinologists in most communites. Endocrinologits get same pay as general internists. Pay is determined by insurance companies, and generally NOT affected by level of training.

Most endocrinologists do not do primary care as they are too busy seeing people that have been referred to them by other doctors.

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kevin maris

November 1st, 2005 at 8:39 am

I was involved in an automobile accident where I was broadsided by an uninsured motorist that did not have a driver license and did not own the car. Luckily, I had great uninsured motorist insurance. The problem was that United Healthcare would not approve the only procedures that would solve my problem, even though they would be totally reimbursed for the procedure.

I am in need of a disc replacement surgery which UHC has covered before for other patients, but, they send me denials saying that they do cover because they say it is an unproven procedure. This is the only procedure that will solve my condition. I am unable to work because the pain of driving for more than 20 minutes or sitting in a chair for 20 minutes is too severe. I get no sleep because the pain wakes me up every 30 minutes.

They provide phone numbers in their letters that are disconnected. They provide no way to contact them by email although doctors have a way to email them. They provide no address to contact them. If you call their 1 800 numbers it will put you into loops and disconnect you countless times. The customer service reps regularly give me phone numbers that do not work or that have a message box that is constantly full. They will not let you speak to anyone that can assist you. I think they are instructed to give you the run around until you give up. If you press them on anything they tell you another department handles that and they switch you to a number that tells you to call the 1 800 number then disconnects. It is genius if you think about it. Deny, confuse, point in the wrong direction, and make communication impossible. That way they can say they did not do anything wrong — because they did not do anything at all – thereby it could not be wrong. It is a racket. When I ask them to tell me any other procedure that might solve my condition, they say they do not have one but will deny the only option that I do have. I am stuck in insurance hell and my life is being ruined because of it. I can not work, I can not fufill my obligations to my family, I can not sleep, I can not have sex, I can not drive distances and I have had to stop three times during my typing of this message because of pain.
One operation will solve this but they will not approve it. Or they are waiting as long as they can to approve it. My life is ruined right now. I am at the end of my rope. I am getting despondent and do not know what to do. If anyone knows how to get things approved, have had similar experiences or know about the appeals process, please email me. I am just about to contact the Attorney General, the Insurance Commissioner and a private attorney. Any supporting information would help. Sincerely in distress and pain,

Kevin maris

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