Drug prices increasing – duh!

by rcentor on August 17, 2005

Survey: Brand name drug prices rising

The analysis by the nation’s largest lobbying group for the elderly, AARP, measured the prices drug manufacturers charge wholesale distributors for 195 medicines many elderly patients use, including those to treat high cholesterol, high blood pressure, arthritis pain and osteoporosis.

Wholesalers then distribute medicines to pharmacies, who set their own prices to charge consumers.

AARP’s report said those drugs’ prices rose 3.3 percent from Dec. 31 to March 31 compared to the general inflation rate of about 1 percent during the same time.

John Rother, AARP’s policy director, said the analysis could not show why prices were rising, but that drug firms could do more to lower them. “I think the industry is more concerned about shareholders than they are about the patients who take the pills,” he said.

Until patients and physicians make drug decisions based on price, this inflation will increase. The pharmaceutical industry (like all other industries in our society) do their best to increase profits. This makes their shareholders happy. This provides them more money for research to find the next big profit maker.

We should not delude ourselves about motivation. The pharmaceutical industry has simple goals – find drugs which will produce profits. Patients can benefit from this profit motive. But we should not convince ourselves of any altruistic motivation (despite their public relations efforts).

This does not bother me. The profit motive leads to important clinical advances.

What does bother me is the disconnect that patients and physicians have with drug prices! Because of our insurance system, we do not consider price enough.

The best way to lower prices is through competition. Why would any buy Nexium when they could substitute Prilosec OTC? According to my internet research, a month supply of Nexium costs around $200 while a months supply of Prilosec OTC costs around $25. Both drugs are proton pump inhibitors, and both work very well.

The data which suggest that Nexium might have a very slight advantage are not compelling. I would concede trying Nexium after Prilosec OTC has failed, but cannot understand why any physician or patient would start with a drug of the same class which costs 8 times as much.

We must educate physicians and patients on drug costs. But education means nothing if they have no financial motivation. Only when we give patients motivation to use less expensive drugs will they demand it. Over the years I occasionally had patients who paid out of pocket. They were appropriately demanding of my drug cost decisions.

Our medical insurance system disassociates personal costs from societal costs. As long as that occurs, we will have stories like this one. Until competition principles matter, prices will keep rising.

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{ 5 comments… read them below or add one }

Roy M. Poses MD August 17, 2005 at 8:00 am

I agree entirely, but this still begs the question of why the insurance companies and managed care organizations have not apparently made any effective efforts to bargain down the prices of drugs (and why the legislation that enabled the new Medicare drug benefit does not allow Medicare to bargain down prices.) And it begs the larger question of why insurance companies and managed care organizations, and Medicare and Medicaid have never made any effective efforts to assess the costs of particular health care services and goods, and never made any effective efforts to pay according to the cost of producing them, or their worth to patients.
See our post on Health Care Renewal (http://hcrenewal.blogspot.com/) entitled “Wooden Headed Health Care Reimbursement.” (http://hcrenewal.blogspot.com/2005/08/wooden-headed-health-care.html/)

SteveSC August 17, 2005 at 10:34 am

I agree that it is unlikely a patient would be willing to pay $200 if they knew a $25 solution might be just as capable. But when the cost to the patient is a $15 copay they won’t think twice…

Don’t forget the psychological dimension though, both for the doctor and the patient. It takes some stones on the part of the doc to tell the patient, “Oh yeah, you will probably get better just by grabbing something off the shelf at the CVS, and by the way, don’t forget to pay $50 to my assistant on your way out.” Not that docs shouldn’t do this, but few are trained to take it in stride. Instead, they are trained to feel that the least they can do is write a prescription.

Second, patients often feel better (placebo effect and all that) when they get a ‘powerful’ prescription drug that costs (the insurance company) a load of money. The big red pill usually works better than the small round white pill, no matter what the ‘active’ ingredient. And since a big percentage of responders to drug treatment (in many cases, a majority) are due to placebo effect or the nonspecific effect of the doctor-patient relationship, could it be that lower drug prices would lower efficacy? (Let’s see if big pharma tries to sell this one ;-)

SteveSC August 17, 2005 at 11:07 am

Regarding Dr. Poses’ question, one reason third party payors don’t bargain as much as you would think is that pharma is careful to defend their prices based on ‘economic value’, an implied “worth to patients.” That is, they do an analysis of the cost of care that their drug will replace, and set their prices at equal to or less than that cost. For example, high prices for the original anti-ulcer drugs like Zantac were compared to the cost of surgical care, the standard of the day. Orphan drugs, cancer drugs, etc. are priced after a careful analysis of what people are paying for comparable drugs/therapies, and/or what increased life expectancy is worth, etc. Third party payors probably don’t have the analytic firepower to find the holes in these analyses, so they go with the flow.

So people in pharma can sleep at night because they believe their products create a so-called economic surplus (i.e., they create more value than existing products). But there are at least two problems with this situation. First, only the first drug in a new class really adds a lot of economic value. All the ‘me-to drugs’ don’t add as much, yet they usually ride on the price charged by the first. The pharma industry is careful to avoid price competition with patented drugs. Instead they fight with marketing dollars. In my experience, most things that really work better are picked up quickly by doctors, so little advertising is needed. But when you are selling the sizzle with not much steak, you get an arms race of waste like automobile and drug advertising.

Second, most people are taught as toddlers to share, and the more important the item the more important it is to share. Guzzling all the water when lost in the desert is just wrong. And when pharmaceutical companies try to grab every little bit of any economic surplus they create, squeezing every nickel out of sick people, they are justifiably considered greedy.

Chlorthalindone Man August 22, 2005 at 9:11 pm

You still use ACE-I first line ! Why not use Esomeprazole as well.

Just teasing you.

Brad Chappel February 27, 2006 at 11:15 am

Most people are taught as toddlers to share, and the more important the item the more important it is to share. Guzzling all the water when lost in the desert is just wrong. And when pharmaceutical companies try to grab every little bit of any economic surplus they create, squeezing every nickel out of sick people, they are justifiably considered greedy.

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