Our buddy Bernie, in one of his classic comments earlier this week stated:
The most important issue in health care? Maybe from your perspective, but not from that of your patients. And the evidence that doctors are leaving the field because of malpractice premiums doesn’t even rise to the level of anecdote. Why use one standard of evidence in medicine and another in setting public policy?
The IOM report documents that malpractice costs are discouraging radiologists from doing mammography. They also point out other problems including reimbursement issues. IOM Calls for Increase in Mammography Services, Access
Although new technology promises to make breast cancer screening easier and perhaps more efficient, it will be years before these techniques are perfected and approved.
“In the meantime, because current mammography technology is good but imperfect, and because there are many barriers hindering women’s access to mammography, too many women will die from breast cancer this year,” committee chair Edward Penhoet of the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation in San Francisco said in a statement.
“Improving and increasing the use of current mammography technology is the most effective strategy we have right now for further reducing the toll of breast cancer.”
Instead, radiologists are leaving the field for fear of lawsuits and clinics are closing, the report found.
“Between 2000 and 2003, the number of mammography facilities operating in the United States has dropped from 9,400 to 8,600 — an 8.5-percent decrease,” the Institute, an independent organization that advises the federal government on health matters, said in a statement.
“As a result, women are being made to wait up to five months for mammograms in some areas.”
Jean Lynn, who operates a free mobile screening clinic at George Washington University, said a lack of demand was not the main problem.
“Our schedule is booked a year ahead of time — fully booked,” Lynn told a news conference.
American medicine has great potential. We do some things extremely well. However, we are often handicapped in two ways – specific reimbursement and malpractice costs. Some types of services do not receive adequate reimbursement (certainly routine outpatient visits are included here). As malpractice costs increase, the finances of practice can become so disadvantageous as to drive some physicians out of their practice. And the finances discourage replacement physicians.
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18 Responses to Mammography shortage
kmh
June 11th, 2004 at 6:54 pm
AAMC web site
http://www.aamc.org
displays the data.
applications for med student spots are at historic lows, med students debts are at historic highs.
medical practice is like any other job, in the right setting it’s worth the hassle.
The declining interest in medical school applications mirrors the declining interest in post grad training in primary care.
the market determines the environment in which physicians work. thus variables such as
income/costs/hassle factor…) will determine what happens to medical practice. When employment in other fields offers better conditions .. college graduates will be less likely to go on to medical practice.
CHenry
June 11th, 2004 at 7:50 pm
We assume that there will always be enough of the right kinds of physicians, available whenever we need them.
It is a self-deception.
Costs and benefits figure into the decision to apply to medical school, as they do for decisions to enter any profession. Up until now, we have enjoyed the benefits of a profession that has been appealing to applicants from the highest ranks of college graduates, people able, dedicated, and generally well-qualified to sustain the years of additional hard work necessary to qualify in medicine at the levels commonly expected of today’s physicians, a level of expertise and training that is the highest in the history of medical education. It is almost as if we cannot imagine things being any different. But we should step back and imagine just that.
Most doctors work either for themselves, in solo practice, or with a small number of other doctors. Their small businesses cannot absorb “bad” years’ business the way that diversified large companies with substantial reserves might. There just isn’t that kind of security in the medical business. Little changes in office reimbursement from Medicare and private insurers, or big changes in business costs like malpractice premiums can close office doors. Unlike other industries, there isn’t the same possibility of passing off steep cost increases to the consumer, neither is it possible to reap endless efficiencies by increasing the volume of business. Cognitive work takes time and cannot be compressed to trade volume for price. And sweatshop conditions are just as unpleasant in healthcare as anywhere else, for everyone on both sides of the examining table.
There are few professions that expect the numbers of years in training as does medicine. There are fewer still that cost as much in accumulated tuition and living expenses before a graduate can work in his or her field. The more unattractive that medicine and medical practice becomes by virtue of poor reimbursement and high practice costs, the more likely that the thoughtful and well-qualified prospective medical students will think twice before going to medical school.
We expect the best from doctors, and despite some who disparage the profession, we generally get the best. Will we be just as happy to draw our doctors from the middle or bottom of the deck rather than the top?
m
June 11th, 2004 at 11:52 pm
it seems your last sentence is answered by the definition of “we”. will “we” be happy with doc’s less motivated to study, , read, prepare and practice the best medicine possible?
it seems “we” are polarized by differences in biases, experiences, social status, leanings toward the common good and those who value individual entitlements as paramount.
If “we” represents our families/friends/teachers/…we wan’t the most talented persons to be our physicians.
if “we” is the lottery minded
malpractice litigators…the less talented doc’s are the best. (more likely to make errors in a system which demands complex decisions to be made in 10 minutes or less)
all sorts of varied expectations of what a physician should be are voiced by people according to their biases.
I think the solution is coming from those doc’s who just walk away from managed care dealings and who practice as the thousands of physicians who are self insured (as suggested in recent AMAnews articles.)
can a physician really perform well, year after year, under current work condtions ?
the data indicate doc’s are making choices according to perceived legal/economic/lifestyle risks.
the choices being MADE now will radically change the nature of physician care in the next few years.
RGL
June 12th, 2004 at 9:56 am
I don’t know where Bernie is coming from, but he appears to be oblivious to what is happening coincident to the high malpractice premiums.
In my community alone, a group of 17 radiologists publicly announced terminating mammographies last year because of the high malpractice risks, the only saving grace being a local hospital coming up with enough financial support to reconsider their decision. Despite this, waiting lines for women for their scheduled annual mammograms are quite long, sometimes two to three months, mainly because other independent radiologists quit doing them because of the increased liability risks.
Despite the traditional disclaimer that 15 to 20% of mammograms cannot detect malignancies, that still leaves radiologists quite vulnerable.
It’s like swimming in an ocean infested with sharks, but but little room to escape.
Enough bright students will still enroll in medical schools, but they are certain to avoid the high-risk specialties, and probably will
skip areas in the country where yearly liability premiums can go as high as $250,000. Unless you want to go bare, which a lot of surgidal and high-risk physicians in the southern area of my state are doing.
But who wants to practice under those conditions? We cannot all sell herbal medicines which Bernie passionately believes in.
m
June 12th, 2004 at 10:48 am
some interesting data
are seen on the numbers of college students applying to medical school
http://www.aamc.org/data/facts/2003/2003summary.htm
note the steady drop in numbers of people applying for the past 7 years.
also note that the number of males is now equal to the number of females for those who go on to attend.
now go to
http://www.aafo.org/match/graph05.html
some easy conclusions :
1. record low numbers are applying. thus entrance standards must decline.
2. many less physicians working full time due to child rearing duties. less physicians available for a growing population.
3. huge drop in doc’s training in primary care.
4. increased demand as population is rising and aging
5. 4 year college tuition costs averaging 100,000, plus 4 year med school costs averaging 120,000. residencies pay generally under 45,000 year. tuition loan payments are are in the 2000 dollar/month range.
meanwhile,
nurse practioners rapidly expand their numbers with their drastically reduced investment in time and money and malpractice costs.
it is easy to understand why
the supply of generalist physicians (be it radiologist , primary care provider or surgeon ) is shrinking.
Physicians are taking heed. a recent NEJM article highlighted the trend of early retirements by doc’s several years ahead of originally planned retirement.
no doubt physicians are practicing in a defensive (but expensive) manner.
More adaptions are coming:
http://www.ama-assn.org/amednews/2004/06/14/prl10614.htm
or
http://www.simplecare.com
or concierge medicine
or …..
these changes are not bad, they just reflect needed adaptions to a difficult legal and econmic environment.
more dramatic changes are coming soon.
it requires much less energy to adapt to these changes than too resist them.
m
June 12th, 2004 at 10:51 am
oops, second website address is
a typo.
correct address:
http://www.aafp.org/match/graph05.html
arf
June 13th, 2004 at 1:17 pm
As I also posted elsewhere, the issue is REWARD COMMENSURATE WITH RISK.
You will get your MRI of the brain or spine, and the radiology residents compete for the neuroradiology felowships.
However, there is a reward for doing neuroradiology commensurate with the risk of the procedure.
There is no such commensurate reward for mammography. For very little monetary reward, you take on a risk where, if you miss a cancer IN RETROSPECT, you will find yourself in an emotional trial over a breast cancer, with some paid expert guaranteed to say that some squiggle was most certainly a cancer and the evil doctor should have picked up and saved this VICTIM of her cancer.
The FP issues, yes, the match is low, and deserves to be. Again, FP’s had historically low (financial) reward but ow risk. FP’s risk is rapidly growing over theories of failure to diagnose and negligent referral.
This is the malpractice crisis in microcosm. The general public cannot be expected to care about all this until they find they cannot get mammography.
poormedicalstudent
June 14th, 2004 at 1:45 am
interesting comments, and i must agree from a business/economics standpoint that going into the medical profession is a stupid idea for individuals smart enough to make lots of money doing something less stressful. however, all of this misses the main point: medicine isn’t about the money. that’s something the profession picked up during the 70s, 80s, and 90s, and should hopefully die off during my generation or the next. is there a huge risk in getting an MD? yes. is there is a huge cost outlay? yes. is it worth it to do something so vital to society, regardless of whether you can get that new BMW or play golf @ Augusta National? yes.
admission standards won’t decline; those who truly want to practice medicine will continue to apply, and patients will be all the better off for it.
kmh
June 14th, 2004 at 6:32 am
true enough medicine has rewards, most importantly those related to healing.
the frustration comes not from the the practice and profession of medicine , it comes from the dysfunctional sytem in which we are in.
yes medical school applicants will keep coming, but the data show that economics do influence people decsions to 1.go into medicine (all time lows for applicants),
2.go into risky or poorly rewarded feilds (marked decline in OB/GYN, primary care…both family practice and internal med, early retirements, )
3.and decisions to give up high risk aspects of ones feild. ( dropping of OB priveledges, avoiding mammography services,
not providing neurosurg services in children)
these are data easily verified.
training for 7-10 years after college and putting well over $200,000 into the post high school training and living in the modern world of mortages, car loans, etc…) has to be paid back. good intentions haven’t written any of my checks lately.
many people will (as shown by the data) just throw in the towel and find fullfillment in different modes of practice or by not practicing at all.
these adaptions are occuring now, by thousands of doc’s in all regions of the country.
change is vital in all endeavors, that’s what makes life exciting.
now…as doc’s do we drive the changes or just sit back and let the CEO’s and lawyer’s do it.
m
June 14th, 2004 at 7:36 am
hey poor med student…just to let you know. I have a used 1992 chevrolet, have not vacationed anywhere in the past four years except with family (to save costs),
have a home that is a small starter, and do not go to three star restauraunts or have any club memberships.
before you genralizw about other physicians financial situations, you might do some investigating.
I and many of my colleagues live on tight budgets. a BMW is not on my priority list.
Overlawyered
June 14th, 2004 at 9:49 am
Mammography under threat
Confirming the trend we reported on Oct. 3: “A worsening shortage of providers is threatening women’s access to mammograms, says a major new report that found long waits for the breast X-ray in parts of the country. …Fewer radiologists are…
arf
June 14th, 2004 at 12:08 pm
The cost/benefit of medical education, versus law or MBA/business has already been explored. It was in NEJM back around 1994.
If all you are interested in is dollars and cents, the best investment is a MBA. Second best is a tie between specialty medicine and law.
Primary care medicine came in dead last.
Poormedicalstudent (PMS for short?) yes, people will continue to go into medicine. The decline in standards for medical students will continue to go down as long as there are old farts to complain about it. I remember as a kid seeing Dr. Kildare complain about it in the 1950’s. (no smileys available to indicate joke……….well not the Dr. Kildare part, I really did see that).
Thing is, those medical students will go out of the low risk/reward ratio fields or arrange their lives to avoid low risk/reward services. They will still be in medicine. I bet you will do the same thing. Heck, despite the rhetoric, foreign medical grads and nonphysician practitioners do the same thing.
Don’t blame anybody who makes that choice.
arf
June 14th, 2004 at 7:39 pm
Along the same lines, another Nashville, Tennessee hospital has dropped obstetrical services. Not as much of a problem in Nashville, as there are other providers, but in rural Tennessee, the hospitals dropping obstetrics are the only show in town. The hospital mentioned in this article only did about 400 deliveries, but that’s more than my rural hospital does…….and the nearest hospital doing obstetrics is 60 miles away.
But…..more to the point, the concept of the risk/benefit ratio of offering certain services is mentioned once again.
http://tennessean.com/business/archives/04/06/52770810.shtml?Element_ID=52770810
boobxrays donthelp
June 14th, 2004 at 8:29 pm
Mammograms dont help.
Let the lawsuits continue. !!!
Maybe the lawsuits are good.
If you want your patients to not die of breast cancer, get them to lose weight.
http://www.update-software.com/abstracts/ab001877.htm
The currently available reliable evidence does not show a survival benefit of mass screening for breast cancer (and the evidence is inconclusive for breast cancer mortality). Women, clinicians and policy makers should consider these findings carefully when they decide whether or not to attend or support screening programs.
Bernie Simon
June 14th, 2004 at 8:39 pm
A doctor, given the choice between a position that has high risk, low pay, or poor working conditions and one that does not, of course will choose the job that doesn’t have these deficiencies. Hence the decline in primary care physicians and radiologists. Maybe you’ve lost touch with the average American and fail to realize the truly shitty and poorly compensated jobs many people work at. I’m sure if admissions to medical schools were not so tightly controlled there would be an over abundance of applicants for any and all positions.
See the article for a discussion how the AMA’s control of medical schools admissions amounts to a medical cartel.
AMA has built an impressive edifice, one that has completely insulated physicians from recessionary (“cyclical”) and until recently, technological (“structural”) unemployment. While decade in, decade out, recessions, depressions, consolidations, and (recently) outsourcing have dislocated millions of blue-collar, engineering, computer programming, and middle management employees from jobs and forced permanent career changes, physicians as a class have been almost completely immune. Unlike workers in most other industries, a competent, licensed physician with a clean record who remains unemployed despite months and months of search for work is unheard of in the U.S.
m
June 14th, 2004 at 9:28 pm
medical school hard to get into? “just do it”
according to http://www.aamc.org
the avarage rate of applicants to matriculants (MD granting programs) is only about one in two.
those are GREAT odds.
furthermore, many doc’s also apply to D.O. programs which are virtually identical to M.D. programs. furthermore the aamc estimates about 8,000 people who fail to get in, will do added education to beef up their chances of getting in.
getting in is relatively easy.
Good luck in finding a state who will commit the millions /year it takes to expand programs
anyway anyone else is free to receive their care exclusively with a nurse practitioner. you can get all assesments/diagnoastics/and therapies via this route.
as far as truly shitty jobs, I do agree with you.
I cannot account why so many individuals fail to graduate from high school or fail to aplly themselves to do well in
college. Most Information technology training stops at the Bachelors level, a few go on to 2 additonal years for a masters. a very few go onto to the 4 years for PhD, very few go the 7 years beyond college to just get to the point where they can practice their trade.
you can also look at the investment of money
high school costs= a few hundred/year.
college = 23,000/year (or higher)
med school = 30,000/year (or higher) thus just by the point you get an MD you now owe an assed 120,000 (often times much higher). then you still only average 25,000/year for three years following while working 80-90 hours/week.
the MD is not a gift, it must be worked for.
anyway, as med school aplpicants continue to dwindle
med school will be obtainable for almost anyone who has an inkling to do it. good luck staying in.
I do remember one individual in our med school class who was 40 and just starting med school. he struggled but made it.
“just do it”
confused
June 14th, 2004 at 10:41 pm
I am also angry that PhD’s who then do three additional years of Post-doctoral training have great jobs as compared to those who stopped
their formal training after 4
years of college.
it’s not fair!
arf
June 15th, 2004 at 12:41 pm
Bernie you’ve done it again. Where DO you find this material?
Sociologically, physicians are products of the middle class. Especially children of immigrants. It’s a field where you can advance based on your own individual skills (as opposed to family connections) so it is attractive for a new kid on the block.
As such, they usually understand the concept of menial jobs. Certainly had my share. My own immigrant parents wanted me to become a doctor so as to avoid the menial work they had to do (and I did as a youth). In my neighborhood (in the USA), the primary language spoken by my family and neighbors, friends, etc., was not English.
In that, I have something in common with the Jewish medical students of a generation or two ago, and the Asian medical students I see today.
Remember the chief of staff at the hospital where I first worked. An old Yankee, his family had been seriously rich for a couple centuries, large swaths of geography named after his ancestors where I grew up. He was the sole physician in the entire extended clan. He admitted he was the black sheep.
You see, Bernie, if you are connected and rich and not used to menial labor, you usually go into the family business (the law firm or General Motors or the US Senate).
If you want to go back to the days before the Flexner Report, go ahead and lobby for it. The free-market economists actually think it would be a good idea to eliminate all licensure laws and specialty boards, anybode who wants to call himself a physician can do so.
Who am I to argue with Milton Friedman?