Resident work hours redux

14 Jan
2004

I try to write clear paragraphs. Please read this one carefully.

So I was conflicted prior to adoption, and I remain conflicted. On the whole we have a better training program. I am greatly in favor of the 4 days off each month (and sometimes have been able to give housestaff an extra day during the month). The 80 hour rule is important. The 24 + 6 rule still gives my angst.

Note that I have not attacked the 80 hour rule. In fact, we try to get our residents at 70 hours or less. My only angst is the 24 + 6 rule.

Let me reiterate the problem. An intern comes to work at 7 a.m. to preround. She admits all day (maximum of 5 patients). She likely gets a few hours sleep. This next morning we make rounds from 7-10 a.m. Under the rules she has 3 hours left to get all her work done.

Several patients have diagnostic studies done. She would like to see the imaging studies and discuss them with the radiologist. She would like to go to noon conference (it is on a topic that she is very interested in).

But the ACGME insists that she leaves by 1 p.m. She hardly has time to check out her patients. Perhaps she has the next day off. By the time she returns in 2 days, her chance to review the imaging studies loses its urgency. She looks at the films, but the educational impact is decreased.

I am not saying that she should . Rather I am saying that she should have the option of staying.

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7 Responses to Resident work hours redux

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Bhavesh Patel

January 14th, 2004 at 8:33 pm

I agree with you 100% on your assessment of this. Having recently finished residency, I can attest that so much learning gets done the day after admissions. If you are gone the next day, you miss exactly what you said: all the results for the tests and studies that you made.

The best way to learn medicine is by follow-up. Overnight, as an intern or a resident, you are making your best assessment of what is going on with a patient. These days, patients have to be pretty sick to get admitted. If you miss the opportunity to see how your patients progress in the first 24 hours, you have missed your opportunity to really see an illness from presentation to resolution. You miss the opportunity to make decisions about the care that is delivered. You miss the opportunity to speak with all the consultants about the case. You miss the opportunity to match up your thoughts with what the specialists say and with how the patient ends up doing.

From a patient care standpoint, I think it is also somewhat ridiculous. The person who knows the patient the best is going to leave. Signouts are fine for safe care, but they are not optimal care. As a resident, when you are working up a patient, you end up talking with a lot of people about the game plan for the patient. You cannot communicate all of that to the next resident. You are going to react differently to a lab result because you are intimately involved with the case than someone else who didn’t have the benefit of talking with a senior, an attending, and specialists.

In this way, optimal care gets delayed. And learning is decreased.

So I really do disagree with the 24+6 thing.

Avatar

Flighterdoc

January 14th, 2004 at 10:06 pm

Except, less enlightened or ethical attendings/administrators (think Johns-Hopkins) will try to require longer hours – perhaps subtly, perhaps overtly, but still require it.

Then, we’re back where we started.

Avatar

QuietStorm

January 15th, 2004 at 7:15 am

You are all focussing on the professional growth of the physician in training which is certainly an important point but I’m quite sure the motivation for this law was the health of her patients. Is it really in the interest of a patient to be cared for by someone who has been working for over 30 hours in a row-whether they want to or not? Your program seems quite humane with a cap on the number of admits and a substantial commitment to education of residents but other programs may differ and its not in the public interest to have patients cared for by someone who has been running for 30 hours or more.

I certainly agree in theory that if she wants to go to conferences or other educational activities, she should be allowed to do so but I’m not sure how feasible that is as a law.

Avatar

Stef

January 16th, 2004 at 1:21 am

I am not expert in the accomodations residency programs have made to achieve the 80 hours, or the 24+6 constraint, but I have to admit I suspect both rules may be required in order to achieve substantive change. The “option” of staying on later (for the “enthusiastic” resident) introduces a high likelihood of social pressures for all residents to extend their work hours back to the 38-40-hour shift that was typical in my early-90’s training program.

During my residency in a truly wonderful hospital famed for its superb focus on resident welfare and education, I regularly served 38-40 hours continuously, without more than 30 minutes of sleep in a call night that involved acquiring 8-11 new patients. Assuring that each of those patients obtained the required acute care, from procedures to consults to MRIs (to the inevitable post-call afternoon transfer to the ICU), always seemed to require a very full day that saw me heading home around 8 pm post-call. Of course, I was not a very efficient worker during that post-call day. But I was considered conscientious, not one to dump work on others. And while I did learn a lot of medicine on the post-call day, I also learned just how poorly I (as a sleep-deprived resident) could behave toward the people who I perceived as getting in the way of my patient care activities. I don’t think I can rationally balance the knowledge benefit I derived against the vague shame I still feel after having seen myself act so much less than my best toward lab techs, nurses, and unit coordinators.

From what I know, both the number of patients I admitted and the number of continuous hours of service would be construed as inappropriate by current standards. A certain heavy-handedness from the regulators may have been required to turn the tide, however.

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greg

January 17th, 2004 at 11:27 am

Lets be HONEST, restricted work hours are NOT because of RESIDENT Medical misadventures. These happen everyday by Residents that just came off 12 hrs of sleep. Restricted work schedules resulted from RESIDENTS being 45% female. This is just more of the FEMALE NOTION of having IT ALL. In RESIDENCY the ONLY thing anyone can have ALL of is PATIENT care. Any person selecting a CLINICAL discipline
should accept that they must do things in RESIDENCY that they can elect not to in PVT. practice.

Avatar

Carey

January 18th, 2004 at 5:51 pm

Your post makes an important point; strict work-hour limitations clearly have their drawbacks.

But I think distinction ought to be made between a resident opting to stay longer to perform patient-care duties, and staying to do things that don’t involve direct patient care such as attending noon conference or chatting with the radiologist.

The strongest argument for limiting resident work hours was always that overworked and overtired residents would not be capable of caring for patients as well as they should. Allowing residents to stay for conference if they wanted to would not endanger patients, but would allow residents to decide for themselves if staying in the hospital a bit longer would be worthwhile.

However, this rule would be best in an ideal world; as Stef point out, the world is not ideal. So long as programs continue to assume that more time at the hospital = more learning, the social pressures to stay would negate any real choice for the residents.

Avatar

Bill Bromberg

January 21st, 2004 at 7:34 am

There is NO (none, zero, zilch) class 1 or class 2 data showing that physicians make more mistakes when they’re tired (actually being that I don’t believe that the bureaucrats that passed the laws can be considered experts there isn’t even Class 3 data). There IS however a good deal of observational (Class 2) data (mostly from the ED) that error rates go up during turnover of a patient’s care from physician to physician. Basically what we’ve done is turn a system with a theoretical possibility of error to one with a definite rate of error based on no actual research in the medical field. Of course mathematicians would consider that a move in the right direction (Ah, now it’s a problem we understand!).
And as a personal note, because you can’t be polite when you’re tired means you’re a jerk, not that the system is bad.